!= ;du|
lzIff k|0ffnLsf] kx'Fr / u'0f:t/ ljsf; ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o d~rx¿df
/fHon] u/]sf] k|lta¢tf / /fli6«o cfjZostf tyf ljleGg d~rdf JoQm k|lta¢tf
k"/f ug{ k|To]s jif{ lzIff If]qsf] nufgL qmdzM j[l¢ ub}{ s'n /fli6«o
ah]6sf] sDtLdf !%Ü b]lv @)Ü ;Dd nufgL ;'lglZrt ug]{ .
@= ;+ljwfgsf]
wf/f #! sf] lzIff;DaGwL df}lns xsdf plNnlvt clgjfo{ tyf lgMz'Ns lzIff Joj:yf
sfod ug{ cfjZos P]g, sfg'g / lgodfjnL lgdf{0f u/L nIo k|fKt ug]{ . .
#=
kf7\oqmdsf] 9fFrf lgdf{0f, l6lrª sfplG;nsf] :yfkgf, lzIff;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} ;ldlt,
kl/ifb\, cfof]u of sfo{bndf g]kfn lzIfs dxf;ª\3sf] ;+:yfut pkl:ylt / lzIfs tyf
sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm, a9'jf, ;?jf tyf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7gsf ;DaGwdf lgDg
jdf]lhd\ ug]{ M
s_
kf7\oqmdsf] 9fFrf
M ;ª\3Lo ;/sf/åf/f to u/]sf] /fli6«o kf7\oqmd 9fFrfsf] cwLgdf /xL ;a} k|b]z /
:yfgLo txdf Ps} 9fFrfsf kf7\oqmd nfu" ug]{ tyf pQm kf7\oqmddf k|fb]lzs tyf
:yfgLo kf7\oqmd ;dfj]z ubf{ ;d]t ;ª\3Lo ;/sf/åf/f hf/L ul/Psf] /fli6«o kf7\oqmd
k|f¿ksf] clwgdf /x]/ ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf ug]{ .
v_ g]kfn
l6lrª sfplG;n M
;ª\3Lo lzIff P]gdf g]kfn l6lrª sfplG;nsf] k|aGw ug]{ . l6lrª sfplG;nn] ljBfno
lzIfssf] dfkb08, lzIfs /lh:6«];gsf nflu cfjZos k/LIff nufotsf sfd u/L sfg'gdf Joj:yf u/L lzIf0f cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf]
sfd ;d]t ug]{ Joj:yf ug]{ .
u_ lhNnfdf
lzIffsf] PsfO M
;ª\3Lo ;/sf/sf] lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno dftxtdf /xg] u/L / k|b]z
;/sf/sf] ;d]t sfd ug]{ u/L lhNnfdf lzIff dGqfnosf] PsfO Joj:yf ug]{ / To:tf]
PsfOsf] sfo{ ljj/0fdf lzIfssf] lgo'lQm, ;?jf tyf kb:yfkg, a9'jf, lzIfssf] nfdf] labf
:jLs[lt, lzIffsf] labf k|df0fLs/0f, ljefuLo ;hfo / ;f]sf] clen]vLs/0f, kf7\oqmd
tyf d"Nofª\sg ;DaGwL sfd, lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u / lzIfs lstfavfgf ;DaGwL sfd,
sIff !) / !@ sf] ;fj{hlgs k/LIff Joj:yfkg h:tf ljifox¿ /fVg] k|aGw ug]{ .
3_
ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
M ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf cleefjsn] cfkm"x¿dWo]af6
5gf]6 ug]{ Joj:yf ug]{ / pQm ;ldltdf
lzIfs÷sd{rf/Laf6 Pshgf ;b:o /xg] tyf k|wfgfWofks kb]g ;b:o-;lrj /xg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
$= gd'gf
ljBfno 5gf}6 / :jLs[lt M gd'gf ljBnfo 5gf}6 ug]{ ;Gbe{df kf/bzL{ ;"rs agfP/ tL ;"rsx¿sf]
cfwf/df lglZrt k|fKtfª\s k|fKt ug]{ ljBfnonfO{ pknAw sf]6f adf]lhd k|fyldstf
qmdsf cfwf/df 5gf]6 ug]{ .
%=
b/aGbL ldnfg / k'glj{t/0f M lzIfs b/aGbL ldnfg tyf k'glj{t/0f
sfo{bnn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bg ;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ x/]s ljBfnodf k|wfgfWofksafx]s
sIffut / ljifout b/aGbLsf] pknAwtf x'g] u/L /fli6«o÷k|fb]lzs÷:yfgLo txdf b/aGbL
ldnfg ug]{ . o;/L b/aGbL k'glj{t/0f ubf{ ck'u x'g] b/aGbLsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos
Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf cfjZos kxn ug]{ .
^=
;ª3Lo P]gdf ul/g] k|aGwx¿ M eljiodf th'{df ul/g] ;ª\3Lo lzIff P]gdf lgDg s'/fx¿nfO{
;d]t ;dfj]z ug]{ M
s_ ljBfno
lzIfssf] ;]jf zt{ / ;'ljwfsf] dfkb08 ;ª\3Lo ;/sf/n] tf]Sg] / To:tf] ;'ljwf ;dfg
txsf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] sd{rf/L eGbf cfsif{s agfOg] .
v_ xfn
;]jf lgj[Q ePsf lzIfssf] lgj[Qe/0f tyf xfn :yfoL lzIfssf] ¿kdf sfd ub}{ u/]sf
;a} lzIfssf] tna eQf, lgj[Qe/0f, pkbfg, cf}iflw pkrf/ / aLdf vr{sf] bfloTj ;ª3Lo
;/sf/df /xg] .
u_ lzIfs
tyf ljBfno sd{rf/Lsf] k];fut pGgog tyf xs, lxt k|flKt / ;+/If0fsf nflu g]kfn
lzIfs dxf;ª\3 /xg] / g]kfn lzIfs dxf;ª\3 :jLs[t ljwfg cg';f/ ;~rfng x'g] .
3_ :yfgLo,
k|b]z / ;ª3Lo txdf /xg] lzIff;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} cfof]u, kl/ifb\, sfplG;n, ;ldlt,
sfo{bn cflbdf g]kfn lzIfs dxf;ª\3sf] ;+:yfut k|ltlglwTjsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
ª_ lzIfs
/ lzIff If]qsf ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0fsf nflu ;xhLs/0f tyf ;dGjo ug{ :yfgLo, k|b]z /
;ª\3Lo txdf z}lIfs ;+jfb ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g x'g] . pQm ;ldltdf dxf;ª\3sf] tkm{af6
dlxnf ;d]tsf] ;xeflutf x'g] u/L % b]lv ( hgf;Dd k|ltlglwTj x'g] Joj:yf ug]{ .
&= ljBfno sd{rf/Laf/] M
s_ ;fd'bflos
ljBfnodf dGqfnon] :jLs[t u/]adf]lhdsf] ;ª\Vofdf sd{rf/L b/aGbL /xg] Joj:yf ug]{
.
v_ @)%(
h]i7 !% ut];Dd tTsfnLg k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd :jLs[t b/jGbLdf lgo'lQm kfO xfn;Dd
cljlR5Gg ¿kdf sfo{/t ljBfno sd{rf/L ;]jfdf g/xg] ePdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf
pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
u_ :jLs[t
ljBfno sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbLdf kbk"lt{ ubf{ xfn;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/af6 tnj eQf
k|fKt u/L lgodfg';f/ sfo{/t sd{rf/L dWo]af6 lzIfs ;]jf cfof]un] tf]s]adf]lhd
lj1fkg u/L cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfåf/f kbk"lt{ ug]{ ;fy} Psk6ssf nflu sd{rf/LnfO{
pd]/sf] xb gnfUg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
3_ ljBfno
uflePsf] cj:yfdf tL ljBfnodf sfo{/t sd{rf/LnfO{ kfos kg]{ ljBfnodf /fvL ;]jfsf]
;'lglZrttf ug]{ .
*=
/fxt lzIfs, afn sIff lzIfs tyf tTsfnLg pRr dfWolds txsf tyf ljz]if lzIffsf
lzIfsaf/] M
xfn
sfo{/t /fxt lzIfs, ;fljs pRr dfWolds txsf lzIfs, k|fljlws wf/sf lzIfs, ljz]if
ljBfnosf lzIfs, afn sIffsf lzIfsx¿sf] lzIfs kbnfO{ lglZrt dfkb08sf cfwf/df
:jLs[t b/aGbLdf kl/0ft u/L Ps jif{ leq lzIfs ;]jf cfof]uaf6 cfGtl/s÷v'nf
k|ltof]lutfdfkm{t Psk6ssf nflu pd]/sf xb gnfUg] u/L :yfoLsf] k|lqmofdf n}hfgsf
nflu k|aGw ug]{ .
(=lzIfs
c:ktfnM s]Gb|Lo
txdf ;'ljwf ;DkGg lzIfs c:ktfn vf]Ngsf nflu k|aGw ug]{ / & j6} k|b]z lzIfs
tyf ljBfno sd{rf/Lsf] ;x'lnotk"0f{ pkrf/sf] k|aGwsf nflu cfjZos Joj:yf
ldnfpg] .
!)=/fhgLlts
cfu|x tyf åGå kLl8t lzIfs ;DaGwdfM åGå kLl8t lzIfsx¿sf] xsdf åGb kLl8t lzIfs sd{rf/L
Joj:yfkg tyf hfFra'em ;ldltn] u/]sf ;'emfj / l;kmfl/;x¿ sfof{Gjog nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf]
Joj:yfsf nflu k|aGw ug]{ .
s_ :yfoL
;]jfjf6 x6fOPsf jf lj:yflkt ePsf tyf :yfoL lgo'lQm lnO{ ljBfnodf xflh/ x'g hfg
g;s]sf lzIfsnfO{ k'gj{xfnL u/L aLrsf] 6'6]sf] cjlw u0fgf x'g] u/L sfd sfhdf
nufpg] . o;/L k'g:yf{lkt eO sfdsfh ug{ ;Dej gePsf lzIfsnfO{ aLrsf] 6'6]sf] ;]jf
cjlw u0fgf u/L lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfg h] kfpg] xf] pknAw u/fpg] .
v_ c:yfoL
lzIfssf] xsdf aLrsf] 6'6]sf] cjlw u0fgf u/L lzIff P]g @)@* sf] bkmf !! sf]
pkbkmf ( df ePsf] Joj:yfadf]lhd xfn c:yfoL lzIfsn] kfpg] ;/xsf] ;'ljwf lbg] .
u_ :yfoL
lzIfs eO sfd u/]sf / xfn d[To' eO;s]sf lzIfssf] xsdf :yfoL lzIfsn] kfpg] ;/xsf]
kfl/jfl/s j[lQ pknAw u/fpg] .
3_
j]blglw lg/fnf sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/;x¿ oyf;Dej sfof{Gjog u/fpg]
.
ª_ /fhgLlts
cfu|xsf sf/0f h'g;'s} sfnv08df ;]jfaf6 x6fOPsf :yfoL lzIfs eP klg lghnfO{
x6fOPsf]] ldltaf6 clxn];Ddsf] cjlw u0fgf u/L k'gj{xfnL ug]{ . olb o; cl3 g}
pd]/ ^) k'uL ;s]sf] eP ;f] pd]/;Ddsf] ;]jf cjlw hf]8L lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfg h]
kfpg] xf] ;f] pknAw u/fpg] .
r_ ljleGg
sfnv08df lzIfssf] k];fut g]t[Tjdf /x]/ sfd ubf{ ;]jf cjlw ghf]l8Psf lzIfssf]
6'6]sf] ;]jf cjlw u0fgf u/L lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfg jf a]tnjL sfh h] kfpg] xf] ;f] k|aGw
ug]{ .
5_ lj=;+=
@)^* r}t @ ut]sf] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ ;Demf}tf ePsf] ldlt / lzIff P]g @)@* sf]
cfF7f}+ ;+zf]wg hf/L ePsf] ldltsf] aLrdf pd]/ xbsf sf/0f clgjfo{ cjsfz ePsf
c:yfoL lzIfsnfO{ ;d]t sfg'gdf Joj:yf u/L tf]lsPadf]lhd ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] .
!!=tna eQf / u|]8 ;DaGwdfM lzIfssf] tnadfg / pRrtd\ u|]8
;ª\Vofdf /x]sf] lje]b x6fO ;a} txsf lzIfsnfO{ ;dfg txsf lghfdtL ;]jfsf sd{rf/L
;/xsf] tna tyf u|]8 / Ps jif{ k"/f ePkl5 u|]8 j[l¢ x'g] Joj:yf ug]{ .
!@=ljBfnosf]
;DklQsf] :jfldTjM
uflePsf jf aGb ePsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] rn crn ;DklQ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g] Joj:yf
ug{ ;ª\3Lo P]gdf sfg'gL k|aGw ug]{ . ljBfno aGb ePdf To:tf] ;+/rgf z}lIfs sfo{
afx]s cGodf k|of]u ug{ gldNg] sfg'gL k|aGw ug]{ t/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[ltdf
:yfgLo txn] cGo k|of]hgdf klg k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] k|aGw ug]{ .
!#= lzIfssf] dof{bfqmdM z}lIfs÷k|fl1s If]qsf nflu 5'§}
dof{bfqmd sfod ug{ cfjZos kxn ug]{ .
!$=uf]N8]g x}08;]sM c:yfoL lzIfssf nflu lnPsf] cfGtl/s
k/LIffdf ;fd]n gePsf / ;fd]n eP klg :yfoLsf] nflu l;kmfl/; x'g g;s]sf lzIfsx¿nfO{
lzIff P]gadf]lhd cljnDj Psd'i7 uf]N8]g x}08;]s pknAw u/fpg] . o; ljifonfO{ gofF
P]gdf ;dfj]z ug]{ .
!%=lgDg
dfWolds låtLo / k|fylds låtLo txsf] kb ;dfof]hgM lgDg dfWolds låtLo txaf6 ;]jf
k|j]z u/]sf lgDg dfWolds låtLo tyf k|yd >]0fLsf] kbnfO{ qmdzM dfWolds t[tLo
tyf dfWolds låtLo txdf ;dfof]hg ug]{ . To:t}, pRr k|fylds txaf6 :yfoL ;]jf
k|j]z u/]sf k|fylds låtLo / k|yd >]0fLsf] kbnfO{ qmdzM lgDg dfWolds t[tLo /
lgDg dfWolds låtLo txdf ;dfof]hg ug]{ . ;fy} cfjZos Go"gtd\ of]Uotf /
nfO;]G; ePsf :yfoL lzIfssf] xsdf txut a9'jfsf nflu sfg'gL k|aGw ug]{ . lgDg
dfWoldslzIfs låtLo kbdf /xL dfWolds lzIfs t[tLo kbdf cfGtl/s k/LIff pQL0f{
u/]sf lzIfsnfO{ kb:yfkg ubf{ ;f]xL b/aGbL dfWolds lzIfs t[tLo ¿kfGt/0f ug]{ sfg'gL
Joj:yf ug]{ .
!^=
k|wfgfWofks kb / eQfM
k|wfgfWofks kbsf nflu cfjZos of]Uotf tf]sL 5'§} kb l;h{gf u/L lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u
dfkm{t sDtLdf ;DalGwt txdf % jif{ :yfoL ;]jf u/]sf k/LIff u/L lgo'Qm ug{ cfjZos
k|aGw ug]{ . o;/L lgo'Qm x'g] k|wfgfWofkssf nflu ;DalGwt txsf] Go"gtd
tnjsf] !%Ü /sd yk eQfsf] ¿kdf pknAw u/fpg sfg'gL k|aGw ug]{ . k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd\
lgo'Qm eO{ sfd sfh ul//x]sf k|csf] xsdf oyfjt cfˆgf] sfof{ljlw k"/f ug{
afwf gk'Ug] k|aGw ug]{ .
!&=pQL0f{
c:yfoL lzIfssf] lgo'lQm / kb:yfkg ;DaGwdfM c:yfoL lzIfssf nflu lnOPsf] cfGtl/s k/LIffdf
pQL0f{ ePsf / cfˆg} b/aGbL ePsf lzIfsnfO{ ;f]xL b/jGbLdf lgo'lQm tyf kb:yfkg
ug]{ . l/Qm b/aGbLdf sfo{/t gePsf t/ cfGtl/s k/LIffdf pQL0f{ ePsf lzIfssf] xsdf
eg] ;f]xL lhNnfsf] s'g} klg l/Qm b/aGbLdf lgo'lQm tyf kb:yfkg ug]{ .
!*=;fdflhs
;'/Iff sfo{qmdM g]kfn ;/sf/n] cf=j= @)&%÷)&^ af6
nfu" u/]sf] of]ubfgdf cfwfl/t ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd lghL nufgLsf ljBfnodf
sfo{/t lzIfssf] nflu clgjfo{ nfu" ug]{ .
!(=cfGtl/s
k|ltof]lutfdf 5'6]sf c:yfoL lzIfssf ;DaGwdf M lj=;+= @)&% ;fn c;f/ dlxgfdf
c:yfoL lzIfsx¿sf nflu ;~rflnt cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffdf ljljw sf/0fn]
;dfj]z x'g g;s]sfx¿sf nflu sfg'gdf Joj:yf u/L Psk6ssf nflu cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf
;~rfng ug]{ .
@)=
cGo ljifosf ;DaGwdfM
g]kfn lzIfs dxf;ª\3n] b]zsf z}lIfs ljsf;sf kIfdf /x]sf dfux¿ ^ cf]6f / lzIfssf]
k];fut lxtsf nflu /flvPsf @^ cf]6f dfux¿sf ;DaGwdf ldlt @)&% dª\l;/ @$ ut]
ePsf] & a'Fbfsf ;xdlt / ldlt @)&% k'; !( ut] ePsf] # a'Fbfsf ;xdlt ;d]t
o;} ;Demf}tfsf cleGg cª\u /xg] / o; jftf{df ;xdlt x'g afFsL /x]sf dfusf ;DaGwdf
k'gM 5nkmn u/L 6'ª\Uofpg] . o; ;ldltsf lg0f{ox¿nfO{ lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw
dGqfnon] j|mdzM sfof{Gjog ub}{ n}hfg] .
x:tf/If/stf{x¿
lzIff, lj1fg tyf
k|ljlw dGqfnosf tkm{af6 g]kfn lzIfs dxf;ª\3 tkm{af6
vu/fh a/fn, ;lrj, lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno afa'/fd yfkf, cWoIf, g]kfn lzIfs dxf;ª\3
afa'/fd kf}8]n, dxflgb]{zs, lzIff tyf dfgj ;|f]t ljsf; s]Gb| /fh]Gb|/fh kf}8]n, ;b:o
a}s'07k|;fb cof{n, ;x;lrj, lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno
nId0f zdf{, ;b:o+=
s[i0fk|;fb sfk|L,
;x;lrj, lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno zª\s/ clwsf/L, ;b:o
k"0f{
bjf8L, ;b:o
nIdLlszf]/
;'j]bL, ;b:o
;fgf]efO
sfs{L{, ;b:o
/d]z ?kfv]tL,
;b:o
ofbj/fh kf08],
;b:o
x]drGb|
dxtf], ;b:o
k|bLk >]i7, ;b:o
